Pump selection and operation and maintenance economy

With the economics of pump system operation, a network of devices such as water plants should be noted. Recently, some literatures have suggested that the two viewpoints are more meaningful: when the pump is running for a period of time, the performance is reduced, and the pump as part of the installation of the device should consider the economics of the renewal of the equipment.
CULLEN gave a basic data after investigating about 50% of the electricity used. It consumes about 5 cents per kilowatt hour. For example, a device with 12 pumps has a one-time input cost of $216,000, and performance is reduced by 5% to 9% after prolonged use. Invested $86,400 for updates, performance increased by 5%, and annual electricity savings of $24.12 million. This is equivalent to returning 35% of the investment each year. In another case, the original 8 pump sets were used for a one-time investment of $144,000.
Later, the efficiency dropped by about 15% to 19%. After the upgraded investment of 210,600, the efficiency increased by 15%, resulting in an annual savings of 56.16 million US dollars, equivalent to 25% of the annual return investment. The above examples emphasize that the pump group consumes a large amount of operation, so the pump group matching error should be avoided, and the pump unit update and replacement of the large unit should be economical and reasonable.
1. Reliability considerations
As a further consideration of the overall system design, it is especially important to carefully inspect the installed pump set. The practicality of operation in petrochemical industrial installations is a very important factor. The American Society of Engineers recommends that the pump be classified as follows for the relevant practicability:
1. Class 1: It is used in a single process and the system is stable and reliable. This type of pump is used alone and can effectively keep the pump device running reliably and stably. This type of pump has a relatively large power loss. This type of pump can be operated continuously for at least 3 years in the process, except for the inspection and calibration period. The life of such pump components should exceed 100,000 hours.
2. Category 2: The usage process is the same as one type but can be recovered shortly after parking. This interruption is rarely achievable by the pump, but 4000 hours of continuous operation is tolerable for a batch cycle.
3. Category 3: The first and second types of pump units can still operate under conditions of gradual deterioration and can be corrected by the operator.

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